Words Matter: Rethinking Gifted Terminology

German Diaz • January 15, 2025

Terms such as gifted, advanced learners, superior intellect, and students with exceptional abilities are part of the terminology used in the literature to describe students who possess abilities above the norm in academic and non-academic domains. Some of these terms are preferred over others and at times they have been problematic because of the intentional or unintentional message they communicate about these students with the gifted label. I believe words and labels do matter, and here are three reasons.


First, simply labeling  students with the broad term “gifted” does not effectively inform the kind of services they need to meet their needs.


Second, some students labeled “gifted” are held to a higher standard than others, and are expected to act, think, and behave in ways that meet the criteria of what others believe giftedness should be.


Third, we are not helping “gifted” students be who they want to be. As a result, the number of people advocating to remove the word gifted continues to increase across US school districts.


Furthermore, when these terms are translated into other languages, such as Spanish, they convey a meaning that I argue is inaccurate, and this contributes to perpetuating myths about students with gifted abilities. For quite some time I have been working on translating documents about giftedness for Spanish-speaking communities as well as consulting with gifted coordinators working with Latino/Hispanic gifted students. The term “gifted students” is often translated into Spanish, as “estudiantes superdotados” which in English translates as super gifted students. This, in my opinion, is erroneous and harmful to students who possess exceptional abilities or unique gifts and talents. The terminology I prefer and advise to be used in Spanish to refer to gifted students is Estudiantes con Habilidades y Talentos Avanzados (literally translated in English as students with advanced abilities and talents).


The term “superdotados” in Spanish, on the other hand, conveys the message that individuals with advanced/gifted abilities are uniquely distinct from the rest of the population, something rare, abnormal, or supernatural, thus, giving gifted students a status of being perfect and almost superhumans. This is problematic for three main reasons. First, it takes their humanity away by placing them in a higher human category such as fictional characters with powers like Superman. As a result, these students are often thought to be invincible, gifted in all areas, and immune to facing challenges in life because of their advanced abilities. Secondly, from the student’s perspective, gifted students may experience unnecessary stress, peer pressure, and unrealistic expectations from members of the community. Consequently, gifted learners often feel isolated, experience issues of low self-esteem, and are viewed as being essentially different from the rest of the population. Third, labels such as “superdotados” (super gifted students) place gifted learners at risk because they are perceived to be immune to failure, or being bodily and mentally shielded from dealing with socio-emotional issues and challenges because they are perceived as having superpowers. Part of advocating for gifted students is making sure that the terms we use to identify gifted learners do not result in adding more stress or false expectations, which could lead to misunderstandings, students being underserved, and the undervaluing of gifted learners.


I want to close with a piece of advice. As parents of gifted students or professionals who work with gifted children, it is important to understand the different definitions and the intentional or unintentional negative meanings they convey. Regardless of which term you prefer, we must remember, first and foremost, that gifted students are children who have unique needs and need support in multiple areas. Thus, the terms we use to refer to them could result in doing more harm than good.

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Almost every week we see headlines in the news lamenting the current state of students and education. Titles such as these – “Chronic Absenteeism Continues to Plague School Systems,” “Why Do Students Spend So Much Time on Their Phones?,” “Should Phones Be Banned From the Classroom and Will That Improve Test Scores?" – are prolific and often worrisome. This often leads to proposed solutions, some which undoubtedly have been tried (both successfully and unsuccessfully) in the past. Why do educational leaders (and politicians) continue to “reinvent the wheel” by proposing and utilizing the same (but re-branded) solutions to student learning problems over the years, dropping one after another in favor of a latest “trend” that will supposedly fix everything? Why aren’t we getting results? I feel the above questions are related and may have an easy solution, one that has produced many studied and practical results. It is a solution that I have experienced in my decades of teaching as well. Recently I read an article in K-12DIVE entitled Drawing connections between art and science can improve academic outcomes by Briana Mendez-Padilla. K-12DIVE is a news outlet that provides business journalism and in-depth reporting on trends in the pre-kindergarten through 12th-grade education sector. In this article, students in Mississippi had persistent low test scores until the school decided to make changes and incorporate the arts (and even artists) to work with and alongside the sciences. As a result, test scores rose significantly, as did social interactions between students. In this article, the author points out that today’s teachers are often competing with technology for kids’ attention. Just taking away technology doesn’t insure greater learning, nor does ignoring it. Teachers need to utilize what attracts kids to technology if they want better attendance and better learning. 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Some simple examples about different ways of learning/demonstrating wave action using science and the arts together could be students acting out wave action through dance using their different music choices (singly or in groups). Teachers could also, using light, prisms, and paints, show how colors can mix and affect how we see our world, and then critically analyze the use of light and color in water portrayed in historic and contemporary works of art (found online, of course). Or students could create music that they feel mimics wave action, mixing and remixing existing music or creating their own. Many of them have technological expertise and a great desire to use it. By teaching our curriculum in their world, using the arts as a vehicle, will, many believe, generate renewed excitement in learning. Finally, in order to develop curricular connections between science and the arts, administrators have to deliberately set aside time for curricular collaboration. Collaboration isn’t something that just magically happens; it takes time, interest, and creativity to connect them, a marriage of will and skill! Professional development time should be used to develop curricular connections, therefore enhancing teachers’ skillsets. Better teaching makes for better student outcomes. Coordination between the arts and sciences shouldn’t take much of a monetary investment; it can often be free, and the results can be priceless. Many free connections exist within community arts organizations, and they can enhance a school or school system. I know this because of my decades of experience as a visual arts specialist and arts coordinator in Milwaukee’s Lincoln Center of the Arts. The arts and sciences have much in common. In fact, through the Renaissance period, the arts and sciences weren’t two separate fields. They were one! They have many connections. Let’s put them back together using today’s technology! See a need for this in your child’s school? 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