Ability – A person’s natural talent, skill, or potential in a specific area, such as intellectual, artistic, or physical domains.


Ability Assessment – An evaluation designed to measure a student’s strengths, skills, or potential in specific areas.


Ability Grouping – Organizing students together based on similar skill levels or talents for instructional purposes.


Ability Test – A test that measures a person’s potential or proficiency in specific areas, often used to guide educational planning.


Acceleration – Providing students access to curriculum or learning experiences at a faster pace or earlier age than usual.


Achievement – The level of knowledge, skill, or competence a student has demonstrated in a subject area.


Achievement Tests – Standardized or classroom assessments measuring learned knowledge or skills in specific subjects.


Advanced Learners (AL) – Students who perform significantly above grade level or demonstrate high potential in one or more areas.


Advanced Placement (AP) – College-level courses and exams offered in high school that can potentially earn students college credit.


Advocacy – The act of supporting or promoting a student’s educational, social, or emotional needs.


Affective Curriculum – Learning experiences designed to develop emotions, attitudes, values, and social skills.


Asynchronous Development – When a student’s intellectual, social, emotional, or physical growth occurs at different rates.


Asynchrony – A characteristic of gifted students where their development in various domains is uneven.


At-Risk – Students who may experience challenges in learning, behavior, or social-emotional development due to environmental, academic, or personal factors.


Authentic Assessment – Evaluation methods that measure a student’s abilities through real-world tasks, projects, or performance.


Autonomous Learner – A student who takes responsibility for their learning, sets goals, and independently pursues knowledge.


Bloom’s Taxonomy – A framework for categorizing thinking skills from basic recall to higher-order skills like analysis, evaluation, and creation.